Composition for eliminating toxic effects of nicotine and method of using same



Dec. 5 1961 TAIzo YAMAsHITA 3,011,944

COMPOSITION FOR ELIMINATING TOXIC EFFECTS 0F NICOTINE AND METHOD OF USING SAME Filed Oct. 8, 1956 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 FIG. I

MAXIMUM 8 MINIMUM BLOOD PREssuREs l PERIOD 0F SMOKING |70 PERIOD oF SMOKING a ADMINISTRATION I sT a TH DAY) 16o PERIOD oF SMOKING a III AoMINIsTnATIoN (AFTER 5TH DAY) INVENTOR.

T. I/IIIIIASHITII BY WM, W# M gays.

De- 5, 1961 TAlzoIYAMAsI-HTA 3,011,944

COMPOSITION EOE ELIMINATING ToxIc EEEEcTs OE NIOOTINE ANO METHOD OE USING SAME Filed ocr. s, 195e 4 sheets-sheet 2 Fl G. 2

NICOTINE l FI G. 3

NICOTINE ADMINISTRATION IOO BODY WEIGHT (G) 0 s no 2o 3o 4o DAYS IN VEN TOR.

T. YA M A 5 H I TA Dec. 5, 1961 rAlzo YAMAsHlTA 3,011,944

COMPOSITION EOE ELIMINAIING IoxIc EEFEcIs OE NIOOIINE ANO METHOD OE USING SAME Filed Qct. 8, 1956 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 FI G. 4

NICOTINE ADMINISTRATION BODY WEIGHT (G) NICOTINE ADMINISTRATION Dec. 5, 1961 'rAlzo YAMAsHlTA 3,011,944

COMPOSITION FOR ELIMINATING TOXIC EFFECTS OF NICOTINE Filed Oct. 8, 1956 'AND METHOD OF USING SAME 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 FIG. 6

Si NlcoTlNE f AmmMISTI-Ilmol I |50 l" w f m 3 loo O [D o lo 2o so 4o so DAYS FIG. 7

BODY WEIGHT (G) NICOTINE ADMINISTRATION DAYS INVENTOR. T. YA MAS H I TA United States Patent Oiice 3,011,944 Patented Dec. 5, 1961 3,011,944 COMPOSITION FOR ELIMINATING TOXIC EF- FECTS OF NICOTINE AND METHOD OF USmG SAME Tazo Yamashita, Tokyo, Japan, assigner to Zaidan I-lojin Nagao Kenkynsho, Tokyo, Japan, a corporation of Japan Filed Oct. 8, 1956, Ser. No. 614,440 Claims priority, application Japan July 21, 1956 7 Claims. (Cl. 167-55) This invention relates to a medical composition which acts not only to eliminate the toxic eflects of nicotine absorbed by smoking in a human body but also to make use of it for the purpose of nutrition and, more particularly, to a medical composition containing riboavin, thiarnine, pyridoxine and glycyrrhetinic acid as eiective components.

The toxic effects of smoking on a human body are well known. Resulting blood vessel contraction causes an extremely high blood pressure. It is also known that the injurious component thereof is nicotine.

Various attempts have heretofore been made to counteract such toxic effects of nicotine, for example, by prohibiting smoking or by using a pipe having a lter device filled with a certain medicine, etc. No smoking is the best way to accomplish the purpose; but, on the other hand, it is most difficult in practice.

The inventor has discovered that the injurious effect of nicotine can be utilized advantageously, that is, the nicotine which has been absorbed in a body can be converted into a nutritive substance without causing any injurious effects on the body.

The object of this invention is to provide a medical composition which may counteract the toxic effect of nicotine absorbed by smoking in a human body.

Another object of this invention is to provide a'medical composition which may act to convert the above nicotine into a nutritively available lsubstance in a human body.

In the drawings, lFIG. 1 is a diagram showing the effect of the present composition with the variation of blood pressures when smoking. FIG. 2 shows the amount ot nicotine taken by a rat per day. FIGS. 3-7 are respectively diagrams showing changes of body weight of mice when the amount of nicotine as shown in FIG. 2 is taken.

The composition of this invention may be prepared by mixing a known carrier or carriers in any known way to the riboavin, thiamine, pyridoxine and glycyrrhetinic acid which constitute the essential components of this composition. The above carrier may be `a liquid or a solid, and the above composition may be prepared in a given form suitable for oral administration, such as tablets, powders, capsules, and the like. For example, the above riboavin, thiamine, pyridoxine and glycyrrhetinic acid may be intimately mixed with a solid carrier, c g., cornstarch, lactose, stearc acid, magnesium stearate, gum and the like to produce a product in any known way. A liquid carrier may be substituted for the above solid carrier. It will be, of course, understood that the carrier should be compatible with the above components without causing any reaction therewith. It is also desirable that the eective components are at least one percent of the composition.

It appears that the successive or habitual use of the present medical composition is eiective to convert the 2 nicotine absorbed by smoking in a body into nicotinic acid. lt is due chiey to an oxidizing and reducing laction of ribollavin. As is well known, nicotinic acid is a substance eective for nutrition of the human body.

It is presumed that the oxidizing and reducing action of riboflavin may be activated by virtue of the presence of thianline, pyridoxine and glycyrrhetinic acid. The administration of the medical composition of the present invention will lead blood to have the function of converting injurious nicotine into useful nicotinic acid. Also, glycyrrhetinic acid is useful for the increase in bodyweght in cooperation with the above action of riboavin because said acid has an eiect of strengthening liver.

A pure crystal may be of course avaliable as a source to supply riboiiavin. Mycelium of Eremothecium ashbyz' may also be used as it is. The myceliurn contains 4 to 6 mg] g. of riboilavin. As is readily appreciated, therefore, at least a part of the riboflavin may be replaced by a mycelium of Eremothecium ashbyz'i. Thiamine and pyridoxine may preferably be used in the form of pure crystals, Glycyrrhetinic acid is an active component of a liquorice. These effective components are most useful when the relative amount of thiamine, ribotlavin and pyridoxine is (2 to 4);(4 to 6):l. The ramount of .glycyrrhetinio acid required is about l0 to 1000 based upon the amount of pyridoxine.

The invention will now be described with reference to the following examples and these examples will not vlimit the scope of the present invention.

EXAMPLE 1 (a) Method of test Thirty mice were divided into the following three groups, i.e., A, B and C so that each group contained ten mice.

Group A: Nicosan has been supplied every day through oral administration in an amount of l mg. per l0 g. of the body-weight for six days before the test day. On the day of test, they were supplied two hours before the test was conducted.

Group B: Nicosan was supplied through oral administration in an amount of 1 mg. per l0 g. of the body-weight just two hours Vbefore the test.

Group C: Controlno Nicosan was supplied.

Remarks.-Nicosan is a mg. tablet containing 0.5 mg. of thiamine, l mg. of riboliavin, V0.25 mg. of Vpyridoxine, 20 mg. of glycyrrhetinic acid, l5 mg. of powdered liquorice, 0.025 mg. of cinnamon, 0.025 mg. of clove oil, 0.025 mg. of peppermint oil, 0.'025 mg. of camphor and 0.05 mg. of menthol, the balance being lactose.

(b) ll/ethod of administration of nicotine Nicotine was injected to the mice of groups .A to 'C hypodenrnically in an amount of 0.375 nig. Vof nicotine to l0 g. of the body-weight thereof.

(c) Results of test The mice belonging to group C (control) died in agony within several minutes to an hour after the nicotine was injected, while the major parts of those belonging to groups A and B fell temporarily into a state `of coma, `but all awoke within two hours, recovering to their normal conditions.

No. oi mlce Group A Group B Group C No. 1 Recovered after Recovered after Died after 1 60 min. 110 min. min.

No. 2 Recovered after Recovered after Died after 1 62 min. 130 min. min.

No. 3 Recovered after Recovered after Died after 2 90 min. min. min.

No. 4 Recovered citer Recovered after Died after 1 100 min. 41 min. min.

No. 5 Recovered after Recovered after Died after 3 so min. iso min. min.

No. 6 Recovered after Recovered after Died after 1% 75 min. 165 min. min.

No. 7 Recovered after Recovered after Died after l5 82 mn. 205 min. min.

No. 8 Recovered after Recovered after Died after 60 79 min. 115 min. min.

No. 9 Recovered after Recovered after Died after 1 in. 140 min. min.

No. 10 Recovered after Recovered after Died after 20 68 min. 185 min. mn.

From the above results, it is concluded that if nicosan has previously been administered to mice, the injection of nicotine in an amount corresponding to lethal dose does not lead them to death and that the counteraction of nicosan appears more strongly when it has been supplied for several days successively before the day of test than when it is supplied on the test day.

EXAMPLE 2 Determination of the relative amount of rz'boflavn, lhamine, pyridoxine and glycyrrhetinic acid The following medial composition was prepared.

Combination Value riboavin -lthiamine ribotiavin pyridoxine thiamine pyridoxine ribofiavin thinrnine -lpyridoxine.,

ribotlavin thiamirie pyridoxine -I- glyeyrrhevtinic acid.

Fifty white mice, each weighing about 50 g., which had been breeded with the standard diet for one week, were divided into tive groups as shown inthe following table so that each group consisted of ten mice.

Number of Rats Group Sign Experi- Control mental Class Class A 5 5 B 5 5 C 5 5 D 5 5 E 5 5 Each group vwas supplied every day with the above combined medicines according to the following table.

The amount of administered medicine per 100 g. oi body-Weight Sign Medicine riboavin 407, thiamine 407.

riboiavin 407, pyridoxine 207.

thiamine 407, pyridoxine 207.

ribotlavin 407, thiamine 407, pyridoxine 207.

rlboilavin 407, thiamine 407, pyridoxine 207,

glyerrhetinic acid 10007.

iirst one Week, showing the substantially same increase in body-Weights, but since then, members of group 1(A), group 2(B) and group 3(C) did not show much increase of body-weights. Members of group 4(D) and group 5 (E) were in a very healthy condition and the remarkable increases of their body-weights were observed.

(2) When nicotine was given, the members of group 1, group 2 and group 3 began to weaken rapidly with decrease of body-weights, and they all died at last.

(3) The members of group 4 and group 5 were not substantially affected by the application of nicotine, but rather better grown than that of control group. The increase in the body-weights of the experimental class of group S was especially remarkable, which appeared to result from the eect of glycyrrhetinic acid.

The results of the above experiments are diagram matic-ally shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. 7 with the medicine A to E respectively, wherein the dotted line and the solid line show the average value of control class and the average value of experimental classvrespectively.

What l claim is:

l. A medicinal composition which consists essentially of from 2 to 4 parts by weight of thiamine, 4 to 6 parts by weight of riboavin, l part by weight of pyridoxine and from 10 to 1000 parts by weight of glycyrrhetinic acid and a carrier therefor.

2. A medicinal composition as claimed in claim 1 in which said carrier is solid.

3. A medicinal composition as claimed in claim 1 in which said carrier is liquid.

4. A tablet which contains, per 100 parts by weight, 0.5 part of thiamine, 1 part of riboilavin, 0.25 part of pyridoxine, 20 parts of Vglycyrrhetinic acid, l5 parts of powdered liquorice, 0.025 part of cinnamon, 0.025 part of clove oil, 0.025 part of peppermint oil, menthol and the balance lactose.

5. A medicinal composition which consists essentially of from 2 tor4 parts by weight of thiamine, a total of from 4 to 6 parts by weight of at least one member selected from the group consisting of ribofiavin and a mycelium of Eremothecum asr'zbyi, l part by weight of pyridoxine and from 10 to 1000 parts by weight of glycyrrhetinic acid and a carrier therefor.

6. A method for reducing the increase in blood pressure caused by smoking which comprises administering a cornpositron consisting essentially of from 2 to 4 parts by weight of thiamine, 4 to 6 parts by weight of riboiiavin, 1 part by weight of pyridoxine, and from 10 to 1000 parts by weight of glycyrrhetinic acid and a carrier there- 7. A method for reducing the increase in blood pressure caused by smoking which comprises administering a composition consisting essentially of from 2 to 4 parts by weight of thiamine, a total of from 4 to 6 parts by Weight lof at least one member selected from the group consisting of ribotlavin and mycelium of Eremothecium aszby, 1 part by weight pyridoxine and from 10 to 1.000 parts by weight of glycyrrhetinic acid and a carrier therefor.

References Cited Vin the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,842,266 Hicks Jan. '19, 1932 2,198,188 Viscardi 'Apr. 23, 1940 2,600,700 Smith June 17, 1952 OTHER REFERENCES Lathrop: Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association, Practical Pharmacy Edition, February 1950, pp. -94, 128.

Sollmann: A Manual of Pharmacology, Seventh Edition, 1948, Saunders Co., Phila., Pa., page 342.

Chem. Abst., vol. 48, 1954, p. 795:1. 

1. A MEDICINAL COMPOSITION WHICH CONSISTS ESSENTIALLY OF FROM 2 TO 4 PARTS BY WEIGHT OF THIAMINE, 4 TO 6 PARTS BY WEIGHT OF RIBOFLAVIN, 1 PART BY WEIGHT OF PYRIDOXINE AND FROM 10 TO 1000 PARTS BY WEIGHT OF GLYCYRRHETINIC ACID AND A CARRIER THEREOF. 